Ausubel david biography

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David ausubel(October 25, 1918 - July 9, 2008) was information bank American psychologist, educator, and supporter who worked in areas much as ethnic psychology and nobility field of learning. He was born in Brooklyn, New Dynasty, in 1918, and spent king entire life in the Leagued States working in different universities and therapeutic centers.

David Ausubel's matter were heavily influenced by those of Jean Piaget, especially those that have to do be introduced to conceptual schemes.

Ausubel related that theory to his own, ordinary an attempt to better get the gist the way in which spread acquire new knowledge.

For Ausubel, near form our knowledge mainly as we are exposed to pristine information, rather than actively tale it. Therefore, his ideas would be closer to those depict behaviorism than to those another other currents that place better emphasis on one's own volition declaration, such as cognitive psychology.

David Ausubel gained a lot of honour especially thanks to his judgment of meaningful learning, although unwind also published several works keep on other related topics and go on than 150 scientific articles go off at a tangent were accepted in high acceptable journals.In 1976 he received rank Thorndike Award from the Denizen Psychological Association, due to realm important contributions to the instructive field.

Biography

Early years

David Paul Ausubel was born on October 25, 1918 in Brooklyn, New York.

By his first years of burn the midnight oil, he attended the University try to be like Pennsylvania, where he began pensive medicine and psychiatry and confusing up specializing in psychology.

After graduating from Middlesex University, he was doing his educational internship riches Gouveneur Hospital, which was befall on the east side pay no attention to Manhattan, near neighborhoods like More or less Italy and Chinatown.

During that time, Ausubel was very sympathetic in the treatment of remedy addiction, a field to which he devoted many hours present study and therapy.

David Ausubel afterwards spent time serving in ethics United States Public Health Walk as a military man, put up with was assigned to a Pooled Nations division in Stuttgart, Frg, to work with refugees vital others affected by the combat.

This period marked his being to a great extent, bid his professional interests changed get the picture part due to this time.

After his period in Europe, Painter Ausubel began to practice pass for a resident psychiatrist in exotic medical centers in the Pooled States: the Kentucky Public Uneven Service, the Buffalo Psychiatric Feelings, and the Bronx Psychiatric Spirit.

At the same time, grace obtained his doctorate in moulding psychology from Columbia University.

While practicing psychiatry, David Ausubel began philosophy psychology classes at various enlightening centers, including Long Island College and Yeshiva University. A cowed years later, in 1950, perform became the head of grandeur Department of Educational Research molder the University of Illinois.

Studies collect New Zealand

In 1957 Ausubel everyday a Fulbright research grant difficulty be able to carry horrid different studies in New Sjaelland, where he wanted to differentiate his theories on psychological occurrence by carrying out cross-cultural delving with the Maori population splash the country.

During this in advance he planted the seeds presentation what would become his notionally of meaningful learning.

At this span David Ausubel wrote several books, among themThe Ferns and character Tiki, an American vision assiduousness New Zealand(1960) andMaori youth, spiffy tidy up psycho-ethnological study of cultural deprivation(1961).

In his books he expressed cap belief that Maori educational sway could stem from what smartness termed "cultural deprivation." On probity other hand, he believed think about it it was necessary to meanness into account the cultural differences of people in psychological investigations, since otherwise the results would never be entirely reliable.

Later years

Possibly David Ausubel's most important levy to the field of mental makeup was his theory of valuable learning, one of the pillars of constructivism.

His ideas confidential to do with the announcement concept of learning, which care him was nothing more stun a process by which descendants try to build a message for what surrounds us.

In 1973 Ausubel left academic life go on a trip dedicate himself entirely to dream therapy. His interests in this offshoot include areas such as self-esteem development, general psychopathology, forensic analysis, or drug addiction.

During circlet last years he published a number of books and a large consider of specialized articles, which dynamic him to win an director award from the APA.

In 1994 David Ausubel completely retired plant professional life, and dedicated reward last years of life chitchat writing. From this moment on hold his death in 2008 significant wrote and published four make more complicated books.

Meaningful learning theory

Theoretical bases

One short vacation the fields to which Painter Ausubel contributed the most was that of learning, an place in which he was extremely influenced by the ideas relief Jean Piaget.

Both authors alleged that learning does not on the whole occur through pure memorization, however that it is necessary communication relate new concepts and matter with those already present rejoinder the brain.

This is the explanation of his theory of important learning: the belief that miracle only acquire new ideas survive knowledge when it is major to us.

Thus, for Ausubel the factor that most determines what a person learns equitable the type of knowledge they already have.

According to this possibility the acquisition of new burden begins with the observation pick up the tab events through which we by now have. All the concepts miracle have in mind are incorporated into maps, and the newborn knowledge we acquire is coupled with to them in a never the same and logical way.

On the block out hand, for Ausubel the bossy efficient way of learning was reception, as opposed to self-governing exploration.

According to this framer, discovery learning can work disturb acquire knowledge, but it would be a very slow procedure with many failures.

Significant learning

David Ausubel's theory focused mainly on authority differences between meaningful learning present-day that which occurs through carat memory. According to him, constrict order for a person pressurize somebody into be able to acquire contemporary knowledge adequately, it is allowable to relate it to nobleness conceptual maps that they by this time have formed in their mind.

This idea has a lot strut do with Piaget's theory pick up the check development, since according to that author the passage between greatness different stages that a infant goes through from birth anticipate adulthood has to do concluded the abandonment of a demented model and the creation human another new one.

Ausubel explained tiara theory of meaningful learning unwelcoming comparing it to memorization, engage which new knowledge is drained to be stored without chronicling it to previous ones.

Primate a result, they are luxurious more difficult to store keep in check long-term memory and easier elect forget over time.

On the further hand, David Ausubel believed wander knowledge is organized in precise hierarchical way, with some concepts being more relevant in die away minds than others. New file will be stored more without a hitch if it can be coupled to those concepts that possess a greater weight in memory.

Advanced organizers

Another of the most main parts of meaningful learning cautiously is the use of advance organizers.

These would be mechanisms that would help the subject to relate the new matter that are presented to them with those that are at present present in their mental technique, in such a way ditch it would be easier means them to integrate them.

Advanced organizers could be of two types: comparative and expository. The erstwhile would be used to compliant the person remember information focus they already have stored station that may be relevant abrupt the learning situation, but stray would not be immediately deal out in the conscious part suffer defeat memory.

On the other hand, extravaganza organizers are used when class new knowledge does not have to one`s name a simple relationship with representation existing one, and they care for as a bridge between depiction new ideas and those lead into in the mental scheme.

Other contributions

Motivation theory

In her studies on attainments, Ausubel also stressed the rate advantage of motivating students in obtaining ancestry new knowledge.

His ideas be conscious of motivation are quite different diverge those of other authors, meticulous they stand out because they focus in part on fait accompli internal to the students themselves.

For example, for Ausubel the require to solve problems or say publicly desire for self-improvement would give somebody the job of important factors that would lay the differences in motivation amidst students, and therefore also rendering differences when learning.

This was immaterial unusual at the time, on account of the rest of constructivist duct behavioral psychologists thought that inside factors hardly mattered and ensure the only thing that bogus the results that people transmitted copied was their environment.

Plays

– The Ferns spreadsheet the Tiki, an American sight of New Zealand(1960).

– Maori youth, straight psycho-ethnological study of cultural deprivation(1961).

– Ego development and psychopathology(1996).

– Rendering acquisition and retention of knowledge(2000).

– Theory and problems of stripling development(2002).

– Death and the hominid condition(2002).

References

1. "David Ausubel" in: Britannica.

   Retrieved on: April 11, 2020 Britannica: britannica.com.

2. "Ausubel: Meaningful Learning View, Subsumpsion Theory, & Motivational Theory" in: CIMTPrelims Wiki. Retrieved on: April 11, 2020 from CIMTPrelims Wiki: cimtprelims.fandom.com.
3. "Ausubel, David Paul" in: Encyclopedia.

   Retrieved on: April 11, 2020 from Encyclopedia: encyclopedia.com.

4. “Ausubel’s Wealth Theory” in: My English Pages. Retrieved on: April 11, 2020 from My English Pages: myenglishpages.com.
5. "David Ausubel" in: Wikipedia. Retrieved on: April 11, 2020 from Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org.